西藏鱼类增殖放流初报

摘要

The Tibetan indigenous fish are well known for slow-growing,late-maturing and highly sensitive to environmental changes.Due to the influences of human activities such as overfishing and hydropower projects,the fisheries resources in Tibet was decreased in the last decade,and stock enhancement was a useful method to recover local fisheries resources and ecological equilibrium.In this paper,the status of fish stock enhancement in Tibet was reviewed from different angles,such as release situation,fish supplies,releasing methods and effect evaluation.Basic research,unreliable fish supplies,lacking of technical specifications and ignoring of effect evaluation were the main problems of fish stock enhancement in Tibet.Some suggestions were raised,including enhancing the infrastructure construction and the basic theory research,establishing the technical specification of fish stock enhancement and effect evaluation of Tibet,importance of the management and evaluation after releasing,strengthening the construction of professional and technical personnel.%西藏土著鱼类生长缓慢、性成熟晚并对环境变化高度敏感.近年来,受过度捕捞、水利工程建设等人类活动的影响,西藏渔业资源面临越来越大的压力.开展增殖放流活动是恢复当地渔业资源和生态平衡的重要手段.本文介绍了西藏鱼类增殖放流概况、苗种来源、放流实施、效果评估情况,分析了目前存在的基础研究不足、苗种来源不稳定、缺乏技术规范、效果评估有待加强等问题.提出了加强增殖放流基础设施建设和基础理论研究、建立西藏鱼类增殖放流与效果评估技术规范、重视放流后的管理与评估工作、加强专业技术人才队伍建设的建议.