联系性学习对金斑蝶觅食行为影响

摘要

[目的]为明确金斑蝶的学习能力，为营造野外蝴蝶飞舞景观提供科学依据和技术支撑。[方法]采用蜂蜜水加α-蒎烯标志物和单纯蜂蜜水2组实验，分别对金斑蝶蛹期和成虫期进行联系性学习训练。[结果]蛹期接触α-蒎烯，羽化后的成虫在选择2组物质时，对加有α-蒎烯蜂蜜水的选择率高于单纯的蜂蜜水，分别为66．67％和33．33％；成虫通过学习训练16天后，对加有α-蒎烯蜂蜜水的选择率同样高于单纯的蜂蜜水，分别为80％和20％，并且随着学习天数的增加，对加有α-蒎烯蜂蜜水的选择率越高。[结论]通过学习训练后，金斑蝶蛹和成虫均具有较强的学习能力，并且学习时间越长，记忆越深刻；通过学习训练后的金斑蝶成虫在初次和以后多次对加有α-蒎烯蜂蜜水的选择没有显著区别，可能与金斑蝶的饥饿状况相关。%Objective]To determine the learning ability of Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus,1758),[Method]Two kinds of solutions were used to study the associative learning in pupal and adult stage.One is the solution of α-pi-nene mixed with honey,the other is pure honey solution.[Result]The adults,treated with α-pinene solution in the pupal stage,showed higher selection ratio (66.67%)on mixture solution than pure honey solution (33.33%);By learning from 1 to 6 days,the adults exhibited the same behavior that they prefer mixed solution to the pure hon-ey solution,the selection rate were 80% and 20% respectively.It is found that the longer the duration of learning, the higher the selection rate of mixed solution.[Conclusion]The pupa and adult of D.chrysippus gained stronger learning ability after training,and the longer the butterfly learns,the more profound memory it will gain;Yet,there was no significant difference in adult selection of mixture solution between the first and the following times,which might be related to whether the D.chrysippus was hungry.