中国与印度主要竞争产品在美国市场上的竞争力比较研究--基于显示性比较优势指数的实证分析

摘要

根据最近的历史数据找出中国与印度在美国市场上的主要竞争产品，通过显示性比较优势（ RCA）指数的计算来分析我国这些产品与印度同类产品相比在美国市场上的竞争力状况。结果显示：2007-2011年，中国与印度在美国市场上竞争的主要产品有五类，它们的2位数HS编码分别为84、85、62、61和73，即电机、电气、音像设备及其零附件；核反应堆、锅炉、机械器具及其零件；非针织或非钩编的服装及衣着附件；针织或钩编的服装及衣着附件；钢铁制品。与印度同类产品相比，目前中国第85、84章产品具有较强的竞争力，而62、61和73章产品竞争力则远不如印度。因此，应该继续强化优势，着力提升弱势产品的品质和增加其产品附加值。%Using the latest data ,we find out the key competitive products of China and India in USA market ,and then study the export competitive power of these key competitive products by calculating Revealed Comparative Advantage ( RCA)Index.The conclusion is that the key competitive products between China and India in USA market are 84,85,62,61 and 73 by 2 digits HS code,they are electrical machinery and equipment and parts ;sound recorders and reproducers;nuclear reactors ,boilers,machin-ery and mechanical appliances;parts;clothing accessories,not knitted or crocheted;clothing accessories,knitted or crocheted;articles of iron or steel.Comparing with India , Chinese commodities included in chapter 85 and 84 have stronger competitive power;The commodities included in chapter 62,61 and 73 are in competitive disadvantage.Therefore,we should reinforce the advantage ,and do more with research and development ,production and export of the commodities which are in disadvantage .