以地铁车站缩尺实体建筑模型(缩尺比例为1∶5)为试验场所开展地铁模拟火灾试验,研究了地铁列车火灾烟气流速与压力变化规律.通过对横向烟气流速、纵向烟气流速以及环境压力测试数据的分析可得出:在地铁火灾中,地铁内横向烟气流速大约为2.24 m/s；着火初期的纵向烟气流速约为0.67 m/s,启动防排烟系统以后纵向烟气流速均达2.24 m/s左右,最大可达3.47 m/s.因此正常通风情况下,站厅和站台的最大实际压力均不超过25 Pa；在防排烟情况下,站厅和站台的最大实际压力均不超过7.5 Pa.%The subway fire was simulated based on the reduced scale physical architectural models (scale ratio of 1 : 5), to receive the temperature variation and the pressure variation of smoke in the subway station. According to the analysis of velocity of horizontal smoke flow and velocity of vertical smoke flow and data of environment pressure test, it comes: in the subway fire, the velocity of horizontal smoke flow is about 2. 24 m/s; the velocity of vertical smoke flow at the beginning of fire is about 0. 67 m/s, and is about 2. 24 m/s after the start of smoke control system, and is 3. 47 m/s as the maximum. So, the pressure at the station hall or subway platform is less than 25 Pa under the situation of proper ventilation; and is less than 7. 5 Pa under the situation of smoke control.
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