对比近年发生的4起有不同防火构造的EPS保温板的建筑外墙外保温系统火灾事故,分析其消防安全问题,结合科研部门开展的不同防火构造的建筑实体火灾试验结果,分析防火构造在外墙外保温系统中的作用.根据案例分析,外墙外保温系统中采用耐火极限为0.5 h耐火窗、高度为200 mm岩棉防火隔离带、厚度为3~5 mm砂浆防护层能有效阻止火势蔓延.试验和案例分析表明,在有机保温材料外进行合理的防火构造处理能保证外墙外保温系统的消防安全.%Fires of four external thermal insulation system in recent years which all have different ESP constructed insulation board were researched and the safety maters of it were analyzed. Accord-ing to the results of fire experiments on different fireproofing con-struction in building entities which were developed by scientific re-search department, the function of fireproof construction in exter-nal thermal insulation system was researched. Based on the cases analysis, application of fire resistant window with duration time of 0.5 h, rock wool isolation belt with height of 200 mm, and mortar protective layer with thickness of 3~5 mm could prevent fire spread effectively. Fire experiments and cases analysis illustrated that after scientific management on organic insulation,it will guar-antee the fire safety of external thermal insulation system in the fire.
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