提高硝酸铵炸药威力的途径研究

摘要

硝铵炸药的作功能力直接影响其爆破使用效果,该文就提高硝酸铵炸药的威力途径进行研究.硝铵炸药作功能力的影响因素主要有炸药的氧平衡、组分、混合均匀性、水含量和炸药装填密度.论文以铵油炸药、含铝膨化硝铵炸药、煤矿许用膨化硝铵炸药和乳化炸药为例,研究了这些因素是如何影响硝铵炸药的作功能力的.理论计算和实验测定研究结果表明,采用零氧平衡设计工业炸药配方,加入铝粉、铁粉和硫磺粉,增加氧化剂与可燃剂的混合均匀性,以及适当减少乳化炸药中水的用量,均可有效提高工业炸药的作功能力.%The power of ammonium nitrate explosives directly affects blasting use effect, ways to improve the power of ammonium nitrate explosives were researched in this paper. Oxygen balance, components, mixture uniformity,water content and packing density are the main influencing factors on the power of ammonium nitrate explosive. ANFO explosive, expanded ammonium nitrate explosive containing aluminium, permissible expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and emulsion explosive were studied as examples for how to improve the power of ammonium nitrate explosive in this paper. The results of theoretical calculation and experimental determination showed that the power of ammonium nitrate explosive can be efficiently improved by applying zero oxygen balance formulation, adding aluminum, iron and sulphur powder, increasing the mixture uniformity of oxidizer and combustibles, or appropriate decreasing the content of water in emulsion explosive.