简易差热装置在合金相图测定实验中的应用

摘要

The method for a simply-constructed differential thermoanalysis apparatus by using cheap and obtainable components is described .The apparatus is proved to be reliable by means of conventional DTA measurement .DTA curves of Pb-Sn alloy are measured by using this apparatus .The results show that a more precise and complete phase diagram of Pb-Sn alloy can be established by DTA ,which makes up the deficiency of the cooling curves measurement .The apparatus is very convenient to be disassembled and reassembled ,by which the principles and techniques of differential thermoanalysis become easy to understand by the students . The apparatus can be used in the teaching laboratories of basic physical chemistry by the students with varying experimental skills .The cost of the experiment is negligible .%介绍了用价廉易得的元件拼装简易差热分析实验装置的方法，用常规测试方法证明了该装置是可靠的。在该装置上进行了 Pb-Sn合金样品的DTA 曲线测定，实验结果表明，用DTA 法可以弥补步冷曲线法的不足，比较准确和完整地测定出 Pb-Sn合金相图。该装置很容易拆装，学生能够很直观地理解差热分析的原理和基本技术，适用于实验水平参差不齐的大批量学生的基础物理化学实验教学，实验损耗几乎可以忽略不计。