'从茶叶中提取咖啡因'综合性有机化学实验设计

摘要

In the teaching process of the organic chemistry experiment,it is usually required to complete the synthesis or extraction of a compound as the experimental content,which lacks the structure and property test of the target compound.A comprehensive experiment of "Extracting caffeine from tea leaves"is designed,the extraction process is optimized on the basis of the original experiment, the operation process is easily controlled,and the extraction yield is improved.The analysis of the melting point determination,ultraviolet, fluorescence,infrared ray,nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry of the product is carried out to determine the structure and properties of the target compound.Through the comprehensive design of the experiment,it not only enables the students to master the unit operation of distillation and sublimation,but also the process of determining the structure of the organic compound,which is beneficial to the training of students'comprehensive experimental ability.%在有机化学实验教学过程中,实验内容通常是完成某一化合物的合成或提取,缺少对目标化合物的结构和性质检验.设计了"从茶叶中提取咖啡因"综合性实验,在原实验基础上优化了提取工艺,使操作过程易于控制,提高了提取收率,并对产物进行了熔点测定,以及紫外、荧光、红外、核磁共振、质谱的分析,确定目标化合物的结构和性质.通过对该实验的综合设计,不仅使学生掌握蒸馏、升华等单元操作,还能掌握有机化合物的结构确定过程,有利于学生综合实验能力的培养.