吉林省秸秆打包减排及综合利用分析研究

摘要

To quantify the effects of agricultural residues baling policy on air pollution in Jilin Province,China in 2016,this study uses the data of baled residues yield and satellite-detected fire spot. Results show that:1)In 2016,2.2 million tons of ag-ricultural residues were baled in Jilin province,that accounted for 5.5% of the annual straw production. If all baled residues were processed and converted into biomass pellets, at least 145.4 thousand ton gaseous and pollutants were reduced; 2) Fire spot caused by biomass burning during peak burning months were reduced;3)The concentrations of PM2.5and PM10(particulate matter less than 2.5μm and 10μmin diameter respectively) decreased from 104.5 μg·m-3and 164 μg·m-3in 2014 to 48.5 μg· m-3and 69 μg·m-3in 2016,respectively. Our results indicate the effectiveness of pollutant reduction through comprehensive u-tilization of crop straw in Jilin province.%为量化秸秆打包政策对防控大气污染的影响,基于吉林省2016年秸秆产量、秸秆打包地亩数、卫星火点数据以及大气污染物浓度的变化,对吉林省秸秆打包产生的大气环境及社会经济效益进行了分析,结果表明:1)吉林省打包秸秆量为220.36×104t,约占秸秆年产量的5.5%,假如全部加工成生物质颗粒燃料,2016年至少减少14.54×104t污染物排放;2)吉林省秸秆打包政策执行以来,秸秆露天燃烧量及秸秆燃烧主要月份的卫星火点数显著下降;3)随着露天燃烧量的减少,区域大气颗粒物浓度降低,空气质量改善.秸秆燃烧主要月份的PM2.5和PM10浓度从2014年的104.5 μg·m-3、164 μg·m-3分别下降到2016年的48.5 μg·m-3、69 · μg·m-3.研究结果可为吉林省有效减少污染物排放、综合利用农作物秸秆、改善大气环境质量等提供科技支撑.