我国南方村镇生活垃圾组分热值特征及焚烧处置潜力分析

摘要

In order to understand the basic characteristics of southern China rural garbage and the feasibility of incineration disposal,36 typical villages and towns in the south China which were the garbage sources had been chose to analyze their garbage composition in wet basis,moisture content and heating value in the four seasons of 2015.The results show that the mass percentage in wet basis from high to low was the kitchen residual ＞ the dust ＞ the rubber ＞ the paper ＞ the fabric ＞ the tile ＞the glass ＞ the wood ＞ the metal ＞ the hazardous.The average moisture content of southern rural garbage in full composition was(40.1 ± 5.2)％,and low heating value was (4 152.3 ± 1 911.1)kJ/kg.After storing,although the low heating value of combustible rural garbage components had increased,there were still some combustible components of low calorific value can not reach the incineration requirement.That is to say,to take the southern China rural garbage by incineration method needs strengthen management,especial strengthens the waste stabilization pretreatment to reduce moisture content.%为了解我国南方村镇生活垃圾的基本性质及其采取焚烧处置的可行性,于2015年的4个季节,对我国南方36个典型村镇生活垃圾产生源进行分析,研究其垃圾组分的含量(湿基)、含水率及热值.研究结果为:我国南方村镇生活垃圾湿基组分由高到低为厨余类＞灰土类＞橡塑类＞纸类＞织物类＞砖瓦类＞玻璃类＞木竹类＞金属类＞有害类.南方村镇生活垃圾全组分含水率均值为(40.1±5.2)％.生活垃圾全组分低位热值为(4 152.3±1 911.1) kJ/kg,生活垃圾经分选后,虽然整体生活垃圾可燃组分低位热值得到提高,但仍存在部分可燃组分的低位热值达不到要求.为此,南方村镇生活垃圾在采取焚烧处置时需加强管理,加强垃圾稳定化以降低含水率.