废弃黑木耳菌糠特征及环境影响分析

摘要

In this paper,the molecular structure of the waste material cultured auricularia auricular (WMCAA) was confirmed by FTIR. Results showed that the WMCAA contains lots of groups such as cellulose, hemicellulose, -NH and -COOH groups, etc. Thermo-stability of the WMCAA had been analyzed via thermal analysis (TG/DTG) test. Thermal analysis indicated that the WMCAA had good thermal stability, and there were some adsorbed water and bound water found in WMCAA. The surface morphologies and element distribution of the WMCAA was examined by SEM, EM and EDS. WMCAA surface was rough and loose with cellulose and mycelium winding together. The content of O, C, N, Ca was 96. 24% , and the content of Mg, K, S, P, Si, Na, Al was 3. 76%. In addition, the pH, water absorption capacity and N, P, K levels of WMCAA were tested. The pH of WMCAA was 5. 14, water absorbency was 466%, the mass concentration of N, P and K was 10. 66, 2. 11, 2. 61 mg/g, respectively. Further more, the possible influence of WMCAA to atmosphere, water and soil had been analyzed. Through systematic study of the WMCAA characteristics and in-depth analysis of the environment impact behavior, a theoretical basis was provided for utilization and environmental protection of the WMCAA.%应用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对废弃黑木耳菌糠的分子结构进行表征,结果表明,其含有纤维素、半纤维素、-NH及-COOH等基团.废弃黑木耳菌糠的热稳性能通过热重/微商热重(TG/DTG)进行证实,热分析表明废弃黑木耳菌糠中含有一定的吸附水和结合水,热稳定性良好.表面形貌和元素分布通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子显微镜(EM)及能谱(EDS)进行解释,废弃黑木耳菌糠表面粗糙而松散,纤维素和菌丝体互相缠绕,其O、C、N、Ca的质量分数为96.24％,Mg、K、S、P、Si、Na、A1的质量分数为3.76％.此外,对废弃黑木耳菌糠的pH、吸水倍率及N、P、K含量进行了测定,其pH为5.14,吸水倍率为466％,N为10.66mg/g,P为2.11 mg/g,K为2.61 mg/g.并对废弃黑木耳菌糠可能对大气、水及土壤产生的环境影响进行了分析.通过对废弃黑木耳菌糠特征系统的研究和环境影响行为的深入分析,为其综合利用和环境保护提供了理论依据.