近岸海域富营养化评价方法的研究进展和比较

摘要

Eutrophication has been the major environmental problem which restricting the economic and social development in coastal areas. Foreign coastal eutrophication assessment methods have made great strides based on the results of scientific research and experience in recent years, while the eutrophication assessment methods used in China is still at an early stage. Characteristics of eutrophication assessment methods in the Oslo-Paris Commission, the Helsinki Convention, the EU water framework directive, the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration were summarized by literature analysis. And the application scopes, indicators, standards, data requirements, procedures and results were compared which could provide some successful experiences and references to establish eutrophication assessment method adapt to characteristics of Chinese coastal waters.%富营养化是沿海经济和社会发展面临的主要环境问题,近些年基于科学研究成果与经验,国外近岸海域富营养化评价方法已有长足进步,与之相比,中国现行方法仍处于初级阶段. 通过文献资料分析,总结了奥斯陆-巴黎委员会、赫尔辛基委员会、欧盟水框架指令、美国海洋和大气管理局等富营养化评价方法的特点,并在应用范围、评价指标体系、标准、数据要求、程序及结果等方面进行了比较. 针对中国目前近岸海域监测现状提出建议,为建立适合中国近岸海域富营养化特点的评价方法提供借鉴和参考.