2014－2015年夏秋收期间全国秸秆焚烧遥感监测结果对比分析

摘要

本文基于EOS的Terra／Aqua卫星MODIS传感器数据监测的2014－2015年夏秋收季秸秆焚烧结果，对比分析了我国近两年夏秋收季节的秸秆焚烧分布情况以及发展趋势。结果表明：①2015年夏秋收季全国监测到秸秆焚烧火点共计4454个，主要分布在黑龙江、河南、吉林、辽宁、山东、河北、内蒙古、湖北、山西9省，且每个省份火点数均超过100个，共计4174个，占火点总数的94％；其中，黑龙江省火点数最多，达到1824个，远高于其它省份，占火点总数的41％。②与2014年同期（4197个）相比，2015年夏秋收季秸秆焚烧火点数增加了257个，同比增加6％。秸秆焚烧主要省份（火点数大于100个）中，黑龙江增加最多，同比增加132％，火点数增加1037个；河北增幅次之，同比增加91％；山东、湖北、山西等省也略有增加；安徽、河南、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古等省火点数有明显减少。③2015年夏秋季秸秆焚烧高峰期主要集中在6月中旬、10月下旬及11月上旬，呈现双峰分布，高值出现在6月11日、10月23日以及11月1日、4日、6日，火点数均超过200个，其中最高值出现在11月1日，火点数高达473个。④与2014年同期相比，2015年夏季高峰期出现时间段保持不变，仍集中在6月中旬，但火点总数有所减少；与2014年同期相比，2015年秋季高峰期出现时间段相对较晚，10月中旬火点略有减少，11月上旬火点有明显增加。%The paper analyzed the distribution and the trend of straw burning in summer and autumn harvest season from 2014 and 2015 in China based on the inversion information from Terra/Aqua MODIS. The following conclusions can be drawn from the study. ( 1) There were 4, 454 fire points of straw burning in summer and autumn harvest season in 2015 in China. They mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Hebei, Neimenggu, Hubei, Shanxi provinces. Each of these provinces had more than 100 fire points, and the nine provinces totally had 4, 174 fire points which accounted for 94% of all fire points in China. Heilongjiang, with the 1842 fire points, had the most fire points which accounted for 41% of all fire points in China. ( 2) Compared with the same period in 2014, the number of fire points of straw burning added 257 and had a increments of 6% in summer and autumn harvest season in 2015. Among the main provinces of straw burning ( fire points more than 100 ) , Heilongjiang had the largest increments of 132%, while the Hebei had an smaller increments of 91% which taken the second place, and then were the Shandong, Hubei, Shanxi. The number of fire points in Anhui, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, and Neimenggu had reduced significantly. ( 3) The peak time of straw burning in summer and autumn harvest season in 2015, was mainly in Mid-June, Late-October, and Early-November. There were more than 200 fire points at June 11, Oct 23, Nov 1, Nov 4, Nov 6 and 473 fire points, the highest, at Nov 1. ( 4) Compared with the same period in 2014, the peak time in summer kept the same in Mid - June in 2015, but the fire points decreased. Compared with the same period in 2014, the peak time in autumn came a little late in 2015, and the fire points slightly reduced in Mid-Oct, increased in Early-Nov significantly.