基于固态开关的单级冲击电压发生器设计与实现

摘要

The power transformer in operation may be subjected to lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. Due to the difference of the voltage, rated power and design layout of the transformer, the overvoltage waveforms are usually very different with those in the IEC standards. So it is necessary to carry out the investigation about the typ⁃ical dielectric breakdown characteristic test under different wave parameters of impulse voltage. Therefore in this paper, an impulse voltage generator is built based on the solid state switch and it can produce different kinds of im⁃pulse voltage by adjusting the parameters of the capacitor and resistor, including standard lightning impulse voltage and switching impulse voltage of 7 kinds of impulse waveforms. Experimental tests show that the impulse waveforms between test and circuit simulation are very close, and the errors of the front and the tail time of the impulse wave⁃forms satisfy the standard deviation range.%电力变压器在运行过程中可能遭到雷电过电压和操作过电压的作用，由于其自身电压等级、额定功率和设计布局等差异，导致入侵的电压波形通常和IEC标准有很大不同，评估其绝缘强度时有必要开展不同波形参数冲击电压下典型绝缘击穿特性试验研究。为此设计并搭建了一套基于固态开关的冲击电压发生器，通过调节回路中电容和电阻参数，可产生包括标准雷电冲击电压和标准操作冲击电压等7种不同波形参数的冲击电压。实验测试与回路仿真所得波形近似，冲击电压的波头时间和波尾时间满足标准规定允许的偏差范围。