用于平抑风电功率波动的电池储能系统控制策略

摘要

采用电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)与风电场形成联合系统可平抑风电功率波动.如何制定BESS的控制策略以有效平抑风电功率波动,进而最大化系统接纳风电的能力是一个值得研究的重要问题.在此背景下,针对采用BESS平抑风电功率波动的控制策略开展研究工作.首先,针对风储联合系统的结构及特性,建立BESS的数学模型.考虑到BESS在当前时段的充放电行为影响其在下一时段的电池状态,在满足电池实际运行约束的前提下,提出用于平抑风电场出力波动的BESS的改进控制策略.之后,发展以风储联合出力波动越限概率最小为目标的BESS优化控制策略,并采用AMPL/CPLEX商业求解器求解.最后,以某风储联合系统为例,对所提出的BESS改进控制策略和优化控制策略平抑风储联合系统整体出力波动的效果进行验证.%Integrating a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a wind farm with many wind power units could mitigate the output power fluctuations of the integrated system.Thus,it is an important issue to be addressed to develop an appropriate control strategy of BESS for effectively mitigating the fluctuations of wind power outputs and then maximizing the accommodation capability of the power system concerned for wind power integration.Firstly,the mathematical model of BESS is presented with the structure and characteristics of the integrated system taken into account.An improved control strategy is then proposed with the interactions between the current charging/discharging behavior of BESS and the state of charge (SOC) constraints at the next time slot taken into account,so as to fully make use of the BESS's capacity.And then,an optimal control strategy is developed for minimizing the over-limit probability of combined output power fluctuations from the integrated system,and a highly efficient solver,named AMPL/CPLEX,is employed to solve the optimization model.Finally,an integrated system including a large wind farm and a BESS is employed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed improved control strategy and optimal control strategy.Simulation results show that these two BESS control strategies could effectively mitigate the fluctuations of the combined output power of the integrated system.