基于边际成本下垂控制的自治微电网分布式经济运行控制

摘要

由于微电网中不同类型分布式电源的运行成本各异,传统下垂控制按照容量比例分配功率,易导致系统成本偏高.提出基于边际成本的改进下垂控制,按各分布式电源边际成本一致分配功率.为进一步解决其功率分配精度易受线路阻抗影响的问题,提出基于一致性算法的分布式经济运行控制策略,通过优化下垂控制的参考电压,实现各分布式电源边际成本一致,从而有效降低系统运行成本.该分布式经济运行控制策略利用稀疏分布式网络,无中心节点,仅需相邻分布式电源间交互信息,可靠性高.MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了所提方法能较好地实现自治微电网的经济运行.%Traditional droop control distributes the power proportionally to the capacities of various DGs (Distributed Generators) in microgrid,which may easily lead to high system cost due to their different operational costs.An improved droop control based on the marginal cost of DG is proposed to distribute the power.A strategy of distributed economic operation control based on the consensus algorithm is proposed to weaken the influence of line impedance on power distribution,which optimizes the reference voltage of droop control to equalize the marginal costs of various DGs,resulting in effectively reduced system operational cost.As the strategy adopts the sparse distributed network without central node and applies only the interactive information between adjacent DGs,it has high reliability.MATLAB/Simulink simulation verifies that the islanded microgrid with the proposed strategy realizes the economic operation well.