The principal exhaust gas emissions from ships include CO2, CO, NOx, SO2, VOCs, and particulate matter. Seagoing ships emit exhaust gases and particles into the port, which significantly contributes to the total emission of anthropogenic air pollutants. An accurate assessment of the impact of the shipping emissions on the air quality requires detailed knowledge of the vessels air pollutant emission inventories. We present an air pollutant emission inventory of vessels in Xiamen port during 2006—2015 based on the data analysis from environmental air quality and shipping. The results show that the proportions of vessel air pollutant ranged from high to low in the order of NOx (>70%), SO2, CO, PM10 and VOCs (<1%). The percentage (%) of NOx, SO2 emissions of vessels to total city air pollutant emissions in Xiamen were 6.95%, 5.15% and 14.19%, 9.96% in 2007 and 2009, respectively. By further analyzing the change trends of annual average mass concentration (mg·m-3) of air pollutant and environmental air quality in Xiamen during 2006—2015, the results further showed that the influence of vessel air pollutants to environmental air quality is getting more serious. Whether can we pay more attention to vessels air pollutants management, were be the key to improve the air quality of Xiamen City in the future.%船舶尾气化学组成包括CO2、CO、NOx、SO2、VOCs和颗粒物等，这些污染物的排放显著影响了沿海港口城市的空气环境质量。准确评估船舶大气污染物对空气质量的影响需要掌握详细的船舶大气污染物排放清单。在对2006—2015年厦门空气环境质量和航运数据分析的基础上，列出了厦门港船舶大气污染物排放清单数据，其中 NOx 排放量所占比例最大（>70%），其次为SO2、CO和PM10，VOCs排放量最小（<1%）；通过分析船舶大气污染物在城市大气污染物总排放量中的占比发现，NOx、SO2所占比例在2007年和2009年分别达到6.95%、5.15%和14.19%、9.96%，表明厦门港船舶大气污染物的排放对区域空气环境质量已有显著的影响；进一步对比同期厦门市空气环境质量与船舶大气污染物排放量的变化趋势，结果表明船舶大气污染物对城市大气污染物的贡献率越来越大。重视并强化对船舶大气污染物排放的监管，将是未来持续改善厦门市空气环境质量的关键。
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