微电网发电备用配置优化问题

摘要

作为反映微电网发电容量充裕性的重要指标,微电网不可再生分布式发电备用（简称发电备用）配置与微电网运行可靠性与运营经济性密切相关。针对微电网中可再生分布式发电与负荷需求的高度不确定性,将微电网备用分为外部与内部两类备用,前者为大电网参与微电网备用（简称大电网事故支持备用）,而后者则包括发电备用、储能、低电价与高赔偿两种可中断负荷。为兼顾微电网运行可靠性与运营经济性,提出微电网发电备用配置优化问题,并从模型建立与求解两个方面对该问题进行较为全面的评述。强调为提高微电网发电备用配置的经济性,需要充分利用微电网各类备用之间的经济互补特性,以量化指标反映微电网各类备用的配置成本与调度风险,并以两者之和最小为目标函数来优化发电备用配置。%As an important index reflecting microgrid adequacy,non-renewable distributed generation（NRDG） reserve configuration in microgrid is closely related with its running reliability and operation economy.Considering the high uncertainty in microgrid renewable distributed generation and load demand,reserves in microgrid can be classified into external and inner reserves（the former serving grid-microgrid participation and the latter including NRDG reserve,energy storing,and two kinds of interruptible loads with low price and high compensation）.Aiming at running reliability and operation economy of microgrid,NRDG reserve configuration optimization is proposed and comprehensively reviewed in terms of model establishment and model solution.As for improving operation economy,it is necessary to make full use of the economic complementary characteristics of the various kinds of reserves,express configuration cost and dispatching risk by quantitative index,and optimize the generation reserve configuration by taking the sum of the cost and risk as the objective function.