长江经济带旅游业效率测度及影响因素研究

摘要

旅游业作为长江经济带需要加快发展的现代服务业，其资源能耗少、环境污染小，符合生态绿色的要求，在传统产业改造升级、产业合理布局以及产业竞争力增强方面能起到重要作用。文章在测算长江经济带旅游业效率的基础上，运用Tobit模型研究旅游效率的影响因素。研究显示：上中下游静态效率的发展轨迹基本与动态效率一致，出现下游最高、上游次之、中游最低的U型变化特点；各地旅游静态效率呈现为先缩小后逐步扩大的趋势，动态效率则表现全部增长态势；经济发展水平和旅游产业结构对旅游业效率有显著的正向作用，科技发展水平有着负面影响，而交通便利程度和对外开放程度却产生了不同影响。鉴于此，提出开展全域旅游、发挥“旅游+”功能、推进“科技兴旅”等建议，从而提升长江经济带旅游业的发展效率。%As one of the modern service industries,tourism industry needs to accelerate the development in the Yangtze River Economic Zone. Tourism industry features less energy consumption and light environment pollution,which meets the require⁃ments of green ecology. In addition,tourism industry can play an important role in transformation and upgrading of traditional industry,rational industry distribution and enhancing the competitiveness of industry. This essay first calculated the efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Zone and then used Tobit Model to find out the influencing factors of the efficiency of tourism. The research indicates that:the development track of the up,the middle and the down streams’static efficiency is basically the same with dynamic efficiency and the total development track demonstrates U-type variation character ,which reached highest in the down stream,followed by upstream and bottomed lowest in the middle stream;the efficiency of tourism in each region shows a trend of dwindled first and enlarged afterwards,however,all the dynamic efficiency presents rising ten⁃dency;the economic development level and tourism industry structure have significant relationship with the efficiency of tour⁃ism,however,the developmental level of science and technology has negative relationship with the efficiency of tourism. In ad⁃dition,the degree of transportation convenience and the degree of opening generate different influences on the efficiency of tourism. Based on above results,some advises are proposed which might help to promote the development efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Zone,such as developing all-region tourism,promoting the function of“Tourism Plus”,boost⁃ing the“revitalizing the tourism through science and technology”and so on.