HDTMA改性蛭石的结构特征研究

摘要

The organic-vermiculite has been obtained by modifying with hexatrimethy lammonium (HDTMA). The basic structural characteristic of organic-vermiculite has been studied through XRD, DTA etc. Alkylammonium cations can enter into the vermiculite interlayer easily and form paraffin-type structure in the vermiculite interlayer. The interaction of HDTMA with vermiculite includes ion exchange and molecular adsorption. As a result of contact arrangement of HDTMA in the interlayer, the BET specific surface area of organic-vermiculite doesn’t increase although vermiculite is expanded by HDTMA. When the HDTMA affiliated is less than the CEC of vermiculite, HDTMA enters into the vermiculite interlayer by compact array mode. And it is more stable and hard to de-adsorb.%用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（HDTMA*Br）对蛭石矿物进行改性，制成有机蛭石。应用X射线衍射分析、差热分析等对有机蛭石结构进行研究。结果显示，HDTMA能较容易地进入蛭石矿物的层间域，以倾斜立式在层间排列，倾角约为57°。蛭石与HDTMA之间的反应，在HDTMA加入量较少时以离子交换为主；在HDTMA加入量较多时，分子吸附也变得重要。当HDTMA加入量小于蛭石的阳离子交换容量时，HDTMA将尽量以紧密排列方式进入部分蛭石层间，进入蛭石层间的HDTMA具有较好的稳定性，不易解吸。