2008-2011年广东省深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学特征分析

摘要

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Longgang district, Shenzhen municipality, and provide evidence for the development of HFMD prevention and control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Longgang from 2008 to 2011 collected from National Disease Reporting Information System and Shenzhen Disease Control Information System. Results IThe annual incidence of HFMD in longgang was 45. 75/lakh,96. 80/lakh,307. 48/lakh and 349. 36/lakh respectively from. 2008 to 2011, the differences had statistical significance ( P < 0. 01). The disease occurred in all communities, especially in Longgang, Pingdi and Buji communities with the incidences of 420. 37/lakh, 356.06/lakh and 259. 83/lakh respectively. The annual incidence peak occurred during April-July with the cases accounting for 59. 59% , and the annual sub-peak occurred during September-November with cases accounting for 23. 14% . Most cases were children aged =S5 years in and outside child care settings. The outbreaks usually occurred in schools and child care settings. Severe case number increased with year(2 in 2008,14 in 2009,31 in 2010 and 55 in 2011). Totally 19 deaths occurred during this period(2 in 2008,5 in 2009,8 in 2010,4 in 2011). Conclusion The incidence of HFMD increased year by year in Longgang, which has posed serious threaten to public health. It is necessary to take comprehensive measures to prevent and control the spread and outbreak of HFMD in Longgang.%目的 分析广东省深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供参考依据.方法 收集《国家疾病报告信息管理系统》和《深圳市疾病控制信息管理系统》中相关的手足口病疫情监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行综合分析.结果 2008-2011年,深圳市龙岗区手足口病年发病率分别为45.75/10万、96.80/10万、307.48/10万和349.36/10万.不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).各街道均有发病,以龙岗街道、坪地街道、布吉街道发病率较高,分别为420.37/10万、356.06/10万和259.83/10万.发病主高峰集中在4-7月,病例数占59.59％,次高峰集中在9-11月,病例数占23.14％.人群主要集中在5岁以下儿童,职业以散居及托幼儿童为主.学校和托幼机构时有暴发.重症病例数逐年增多,2008-2011年分别为2、14、31和55例.4年间共死亡19例,2008-2011年死亡病例数分别为2、5、8和4例.结论 深圳市龙岗区手足口病疫情处于逐年上升趋势,已成为该地区严重的公共卫生问题,应采取综合性防治措施,切实预防和控制手足口病的流行和暴发流行.