School of Statistics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China;
Division of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA;
Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, USA;
China; Taxation; Co-Integration; Models; Energy; Consumption; Granger; Cau-sality; Test; Time; Series; Analysis;