Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis in gastrointestinal malignancies and inflammatory bowel disease

摘要

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)have markedly changed the landscape of cancer therapy.By re-invigorating the immune system against tumors,ICI provide novel therapeutic options for a broad variety of malignancies,including many gastrointestinal(GI)cancers.However,these therapies can also induce autoimmune-like side effects in healthy tissue across the body.One of the most common of these side effects is ICI-mediated colitis and diarrhea(IMC).Here,we review the incidence and risk of IMC in ICI therapy,with a focus on what is known regarding IMC in patients with GI malignancies.We also discuss data available on the use of ICI and risk of IMC in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease,as these patients may have increased risk of IMC due to their underlying intestinal pathology.