Background: The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) requires an etiological research of HIV infection. The objective was to identify the characteristics of patients with DVT of limbs without other risk factors in our context. Methods: We performed a comparative retrospective study from January 2005 to December 2012. We identified 162 cases of patients hospitalized in Medicine Department of Institute of Cardiology of Abidjan with 124 HIV-negative and 38 HIV positive patients. Results: DVT is more common in HIV positive young patients (57.8 ± 15.6 years vs 39.3 ± 10.6 years, p = 0.0001). The traditional risk factors were found in HIV negative patients. HIV positive patients had no predisposing factor for thrombosis. The ankle-femoral popliteal location (29% vs 73.7% p = 0.05) was most frequent in HIV positive patients. There was no significant difference in anticoagulant therapy: UFH (60.5% vs 52.6%;p > 0.05), LMWH (20.2% vs 7.9%;p > 0.05), AVK relay (99.2% vs 100%;p > 0.05) and general measures (elevation MI). (70.2% vs 65.8%;p > 0.05). None of the patients in both groups had worn stockings in hospitalization. The stockings were prescribed on discharge (70% vs 64.7%;p > 0.05). Conclusion: DVT may be the mode of revelation of HIV infection. The etiological research with HIV infection should be systematic in?young patients suffering from DVT in the absence of risk factors of thrombosis.
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