Bladder carcinoma is the foremost oncologic problem among males in Egypt. Here, we evaluated the possible diagnostic value of the urinary Nuclear Matrix Protein-22 “NMP-22” and Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase “hTERT” among histological subtypes of bladder cancer. 120 males with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, 21 non malignant bladder conditions and 21 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Estimation of hTERT and NMP-22 was done by PCR-ELISA and ELISA, respectively, from voided urine and results were compared to those of urine cytology. Results showed that urinary hTERT and NMP-22 were significantly higher in all cancer patients compared to control group. NMP-22 was able to discriminate between transitional cell bladder carcinoma “TCC” patients and squamous cell bladder carcinoma “SqCC” ones. Both markers succeded to discriminate between some transitional cell bladder carcinoma grades. Additionally, hTERT discriminated between some Tumor stages in both TCC and SqCC. Our results demonstrated that urinary hTERT and NMP-22 could be efficient urinary markers for the differential diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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