School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, China;
Economic Evaluation Center for Exploration and Development of Liaohe Oilfield Company, Panjin, China;
Special Oil Company of Liaohe Oilfield, Panjin, China;
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing, China;
New; Normal; Drilling; Cost; Upstream; Operations; Investment; Innovation;