Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Unit III,Beijing Cancer Hospital and Beijing Institute for Cancer Research,Beijing 100142,China;
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education),Beijing Cancer Hospital and Beijing Institute for Cancer Research,Beijing 100142,China;
Laparoscopy-assisted; Total mesorectal excision; Technique; Lower rectal cancer; Trans-abdominal; Trans-anus;