In vertebrates, SOX (SRY-related HMG box) genes are thought to be due to major gene duplication events, initially occurring during early stages of metazoan evolution and later during the transition between non-vertebrate chordates and vertebrates. The aim of this study is to examine SOX3 and SOX9 transcription in oogensis and spermatogenesis in a fish model, the blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus). In females during oogenesis, SOX9 mRNA levels were lower compared to SOX3 mRNA levels. In males, SOX9 mRNA levels were higher in testes compared to SOX3 mRNA levels, however no significant differences between SOX3 and SOX9 mRNA levels were observed in the gonads of males that were kept under non-reproductive conditions compared to males kept with females under reproductive conditions and that were nest-builders.
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