Assessment of Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Different Surface Water Samples of Tangail District, Bangladesh

摘要

Surface water, a vital element of ecosystem must be hygienic, but unfortunately the pollution of this water is now an alarming problem. The present work deals with the assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological profile of several untreated surface water sources to ensure its suitability for using domestic purposes and drinking along with the impact of bacterial contaminated water on public health and antibiotic resistance pattern of these bacteria. The samples were collected from twenty sampling point (13 ponds, 4 lakes, 2 rivers and one canal) of Tangail District from January 2017 to July 2017. To understand the seasonal variation, water samples were measured in two month;February (dry season) and June (wet season). Most of the water sampling points were polluted by dumping of waste, cattle wash and were not suitable for the drinking or other domestic purposes. Obtained results showed that water of the study area is slightly alkaline, no remarkable variation in the temperature of the water in both seasons and DO of all the sampling station were lower than standard limit during February. The mean concentration (M.C.) of total Coliform were 4 × 1022 cfu/100ml and 4.5 × 1018 cfu/100ml at February and June respectively and all the sampling point were contaminated with fecal coliform. Other pathogenic bacteria, E. coli (M.C: 1.1 × 1011 cfu/100ml at February and M.C: 2.2 × 107 cfu/100ml at June), Salmonella spp. (M.C: 1.1 × 105 cfu/100ml at February and M.C: 3.4 × 105 cfu/100ml at June), Shigella spp. (M.C: 8 × 104 cfu/100ml at February and M.C: 3.4 × 107 cfu/100ml at June), Vibrio spp. (M.C: 8.6 × 105 cfu/100ml at February and M.C: 1.1 × 108 cfu/100ml at June) were isolated from several of the investigated water sources. The total counts of these pathogenic bacteria exceeded the acceptable limit during both season and also showed resistance against a broad range of commercially available antibiotics. People who were using these water frequently suffering from various water borne diseases. These untreated water sources pose a major threat to the public health and therefore with need for exigent intervention by government.