Endometriosis, a common gynecological condition, is defined as the presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. It often presents as a cyclic, hormonally stimulated pain in women during their reproductive years. While endometriosis is usually located within the pelvis, it may also occur at intraperitoneal, intestinal, perineal, and distant ectopic sites. Although often diffuse, a localized, focal mass of endometrial tissue is termed as an endometrioma. In rare occurrences, an endometrioma will present superficially to the peritoneum within the abdominal wall following gynecologic or obstetric surgery. The presence of an abdominal wall endometrioma within a cesarean section scar may pose a diagnostic dilemma, which is often misdiagnosed, and results in surgery referrals for treatment. The clinical symptoms and sonographic appearance of abdominal wall endometriomas occurring at cesarean section scars are highlighted in this case series.
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