Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 People’s Republic of China;
Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 People’s Republic of China;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588-0511 United States of America;
Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 People’s Republic of China;
ultrafast dynamics; pump-probe shadowgraphy; ultrafast continuous optical imaging; 4D ultrafast scanning electron microscopy; femtosecond laser manufacturing;