School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China;
oxygen; ion beams; inverted-V structures; U-shaped potential drop; preferentially heated heavy ions; heating above AAR;