张园：晚清上海的娱乐空间与早期设计形态的萌生

摘要

Entertainment space in late Qing Dynasty provides a tangible field for the development of Chinese design at its initial stage. As the most typical site which could show the atmosphere of commercial port in Shanghai,Zhangyuan Weichuan Garden displayed the most comprehensive form of Chinese design. The reason for Zhangyuan Garden became a urban entertainment space which could carry such a advanced design attitude was due to its openness. Design activities in Zhangyuan Garden was taken a“non- individual”design growing approach, and it was contributed by colective power. The merging of this growing approach is the gradualy show-up of the design subject, and gradualy independent of design awareness, and gradualy mature of design practice. Its colective, daily and internal could represent the evolvement of Chinese design at modern and contemporary China.%晚清的娱乐空间为建构中国早期设计的发展形式提供了一个有形的场域，而张园作为最能够完全展示上海洋场风气的地方，它所表现出来的设计形态更为全面。以张园为代表的城市娱乐空间之所以能够承载这样先进的设计态度，在于它们在面对新式的洋场时尚生活时所持有的开放态度。张园内的设计活动是以群体性的力量共同演绎出来的一种“非个体”的设计成长方式，这种成长是设计主体逐渐显明，设计意识逐渐独立，设计行为逐渐成熟的过程，而这其中的群体性、日常性与内发性恰好代表了中国近现代设计的成长脉络。