低温制冷机与ZBO存储系统耦合数值模拟

摘要

介绍了基于低温液体压力控制技术搭建的一套小型实验装置,并针对实验中的一项关键内容-低温制冷机与零蒸发(ZBO)存储系统耦合建立了采用CFD软件的数学模型.根据实验装置中的已知参数以及设计计算结果,模拟了制冷机关闭状态下不同时刻液氮贮箱内流体分布、制冷机开启状态下分别采用紫铜箔与高温热解石墨传热元件时,低温贮箱内流体及导热带上温度分布情况.由模拟结果得知,石墨比紫铜具有更强的冷量传输能力,使贮箱内液氮温度和压力更低,体现了高效耦合性,从而在理论上验证了采用石墨传热元件的可行性.最后针对实际情况,提出了石墨与铜导热带相结合的传热结构.%A pint-size experimental equipment based on cryogenic fluid pressure control was introduced,and a numerical simulation using CFD software of cryocooler and zero boil-off storage system coupling which was a key technology of the experimentation was made.According to the parameters in the experimental equipment and the calculated results,the temperature distribution of the liquid of nitrogen storage tank was simulated respectively when cryocooler was closed or running.The results indicated that graphite made the temperature and pressure in the cryogenic storage tank lower while it had a better transfer capacity comparing to the copper,which meant high efficiency coupling.The results above indicated the feasibility of the heat transfer component of graphite theoretically.The heat-transfer structure of combination of graphite and copper was concerned according to the real condition.