不同肥料配施对花生品质与产量的影响

摘要

为了解决目前南方花生生产上施肥比较混乱的现状，挖掘南方红壤旱地花生的产量潜力，以高产优质大花生品种‘湘花2008’为材料，利用盆栽试验，研究不同类型肥料配施对花生荚果性状、产量、品质的影响，以探寻南方大花生栽培的最佳施肥方法。结果表明：施用复合肥对花生荚果性状和产量优于尿素、磷酸二氢钾配施。复合肥与钙肥配施能提高花生单株结果总数、饱果总数、百果重、百仁重，同时提高花生产量。其中，最佳配施方案为复合肥＋氯化镁＋氧化钙，理论产量2014、2015年分别达5135、4271 kg／hm2。%In order to tap peanut yield potential in the south red soil upland,and solve the irrational status in the peanut fertilization,an pot experiment was conducted with high yield and good quality variety ‘Xianghua 2008’.The best fertiliza-tion cultivation method for big peanut in the south of China was explored,and the fertilizer effects on peanut pod traits were analyzed.The results showed that the effects of compound fertilizers on peanut pod traits and yield was better than that with urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer applied alone.The compound fertilizer and calcium fertilizer increased the fruits per plant,the total peanut pod number,fruit weight,seed weight,and so the peanut yield.The best combination of application program was compound fertilizer and magnesium chloride and calcium oxide combined application,the theoreti-cal yield reached 5135 kg/hm2 ,4271 kg/hm2 for 2014 and 2015 respectively.