城镇燃气管道泄漏事故树风险分析

摘要

City gas pipelines are mainly distributed in population and building concentration region, and once gas releases through damaged pipes, it would become a serious threat to personnel and property. So it is necessary to carry out qualitative or quantitative analysis of the threat. In this paper, fault tree analysis (FTA) method that is a very important and useful analysis method for system safety was applied to analyze city underground gas pipelines leakage accidents caused by the third party damage. Based on the analysis result, the relevant fault tree model was established. The minimal path sets (MPS) were achieved by Boolean algebraic. Structure importance of basic events was sequenced, then dominant objects of the accident management were determined, and measures to decrease faults were put forward, which can provide reliable basis for determination of safety countermeasures.%城市燃气管道主要分布在人口和建筑物集中的区域,一旦破坏发生泄漏将对周围的人员及财产造成严重威胁.因此,有必要对其威胁进行风险分析.通过应用一种重要而常用的系统安全分析方法—事故树分析法(FTA)对城镇地下燃气管道遭受第三方破坏所致的泄漏事故进行了分析,建立了相应事故树模型.采用布尔代数化简法计算出事故树最小径集并对各基本原因事件的结构重要度进行排序.结合最小径集包含的各事件及结构重要度排序分析,可以确定事故管理的主要对象,并提出减少事故的措施,为确定安全对策提供可靠依据.