基于分簇的无线传感器网络MAC节能算法

摘要

为减少节点能耗和提高信道利用率,提出一种基于分簇结构的无线传感器网络MAC节能算法(EEC-MAC).在TDMA机制的基础上,采用时隙系数动态调整簇内节点的时隙大小,降低数据的传输时延.对于部分不需要数据传输的节点不分配时隙,使其拥有较长的睡眠时间来节约能量.簇内节点按其剩余能量系数形成时隙分配顺序,减少状态转换的能耗.簇间节点采用基于CSMA/CA机制的随机分配策略实现通信.仿真结果表明,EEC-MAC节能效果较好,具有较小的平均通信时延和较长的网络生命周期.%In order to reduce node energy consumption and improve channel utilization, an energy-efficient Medium Access Control(MAC) algorithm based on cluster for Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) called EEC-MAC is proposed. It adopts time-slot factor based on TDMA to adjust slot size to reduce data transmission delay and allows a longer sleep time for the part of nodes which have no data transmission to save energy, and forms a slot order by the residual energy coefficient to reduce the state conversion energy consumption. It uses CSMA/CA mechanism to communicate with cluster heads. Simulation results show that EEC-MAC has a better energy saving, a smaller average network delay and a longer lifetime.