Massive Particles' de Sitter Tunneling in (3+1)-Dimensional de Sitter Spacetimes

摘要

In this paper,massive particles' Hawking radiation via tunneling from cosmological horizon of a(3+1)-dimensional de Sitter spacetime is investigated.According to Parikh's theory,when a particle tunnels across the cos-mological horizon,the effective geometry is Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime.In this effective spacetime,a massiveparticle can be treated as a de Broglie S-wave.WKB method is used.The emission spectrum is obtained,and it takesthe same functional form as that of massless particles.