Ground State and Single Vortex for Bose-Einstein Condensates in Anisotropic Traps

摘要

For Bose-Einstein condensation of neutral atoms in anisotropic traps at zero temperature,we presentsimple analytical methods for computing the properties of ground state and single vortex of Bose-Einstein condensates,and compare those results to extensive numerical simulations.The critical angular velocity for production of vortices iscalculated for both positive and negative scattering lengths a,and find an analytical expression for the large-N limit ofthe vortex critical angular velocity for a>0,and the critical number for condensate population approaches the point ofcollapse for a<0,by using approximate variational method.