无线传感器网络LEACH分簇路由协议研究

摘要

无线传感器网络是物联网的重要支撑基础技术之一，在国防民用各个方面有着广泛应用。无线传感器网络由很多具有无线射频功能的传感器节点组成，是一种灵活、自适应性强的网络。研究无线传感器网络中的分簇路由协议，分析LEACH协议的优缺点，指出问题所在，设计和改进的首要目的是延长网络的生命周期，提高能量的利用率。因此，针对原LEACH协议存在的不足，在簇头的选举、特殊节点的处理以及簇间路由传输问题上分别进行改进，并利用MATLAB进行仿真，对比分析其与原协议在存活点个数、耗能、传输数据效率的性能，具有一定的实用价值。%Wireless sensor network ,as one of the important supporting technologies for IOT (Internet of things), is now widely used in the defense and civilian fields. Wireless sensor network,composed of many sensor nodes with wireless radio frequency function, is also a very flexible and adaptive network, and its routing protocol is extremely important. The cluster routing protocol in wireless sensor network is discussed, the advantage and disadvantage of LEACH protocol analyzed, and the problem pointed out. The primary purpose of design and modification lies in extending life cycle of the network, improving the utilization rate of energy. Aiming at the problems existing in the original LEACH protocol, the selection of cluster head, the processing of special node and the routing of between the clusters are improved.Simulation with MATLAB and comparison with the original LEACH in the number of survival points, the energy consumption and the efficiency of data transmission indicate that this modification is feasible and of certain practical value.