黄土塬地区煤田地震勘探资料处理技术

摘要

The rapid changes of surface elevation, shallow structure and lithology, and the huge thickness of the low-velocity zone result in difficulty in static correction of seismic data. In the seismic data processing flow, the difficulties are low signal-to-noise ratio and poor amplitude and waveform consistency. The paper gives a united static correction technology for better solution of the problem of different wavelength static corrections, the multi-domain and multi-step iterative de-noising technology which can effectively remove noise and make signal not destroyed, and the consistency processing technology which makes amplitude and wavelet features consistent. The result shows these techniques can effectively improve the quality of seismic profiles.%黄土塬地区地表高程变化剧烈、地表结构与表层岩性变化大、低速带厚度大且速度低，导致地震勘探资料的静校正问题突出，信噪比低，振幅与波形一致性差，是整个资料处理流程中的重点与难点。给出了能较好解决不同波长静校正问题的联合静校正技术，既能有效去除噪音又能使有效信号不被破坏的多步多域迭代去噪技术，实现振幅与子波特征一致性的处理技术。应用表明，这些技术能有效地改善地震剖面的质量。