'三软'煤层顶板力学性能对瓦斯保存条件的影响

摘要

针对豫西芦店滑动构造区"三软"煤层(软顶、软底、软煤)瓦斯突出问题的特殊性,通过大量野外地质调查、岩石力学试验和瓦斯地质灾害实例分析,探讨了滑动构造区煤层顶板力学性能与瓦斯保存条件的内在关系;明确指出强度低、变形大且塑性软化特征强的软岩顶板容易形成封闭条件好的盖层,下伏煤层瓦斯难以逸散,从而提出了构造软岩分布区即瓦斯地质灾害高发区的结论.这一研究成果对我国东部滑动构造区的矿井瓦斯地质灾害防治具有一定的示范意义.%In allusion to specific characteristics of “3 soft” coal seams (soft roof, soft floor and soft coal) gas outburst in the Ludian gliding tectonics area, western Henan, through large numbers of field geological investigations, rock mechanical tests and gas geological hazard case studies, discussed internal relation between coal roof mechanical property and gas preserving condition.Pinpointed that soft roof with low strength, large deformation and strong plastic softening characteristics is easy to form good sealing cap rocks.Gas in underlying coal seams is hard to dissipate, thus the conclusion of the tectonic soft rock distributed area is just the gas geological hazard high incidence area put forward.The result has certain demonstration significance in gas geological hazard controlling in eastern China gliding tectonics areas.