煤矿开采所产生的地表沉降、开裂、塌陷等地质灾害,造成地表民房不同程度的损坏.为准确分析矿山开采对地表民房的损坏,从矿山开采造成地表沉降影响范围,矿山开采最大冒落高度与导水裂隙带高度,矿山开采引起地表最大水平移动值、最大曲率值、最大倾斜值等因素来研究分析.综合分析认为:引起地表民房损坏的主要原因一是地表民房正处在采动影响范围内:二是开采冒落带与裂隙带高度已经波及至地表,从而引起地表出现沉降与裂缝等现象,引发房屋开裂等损坏现象:三是煤矿采空区所产生的最大曲率值远远大于地表建筑允许变形值.该方法对研究煤矿开采造成地表民房损坏成因分析具有一定指导意义.%Geologic hazards of surface subsidence, fracturing and collapsing as the result of coal mining, can cause surface civilian house damage in different degrees. For correctly estimate the damages, has analyzed surface subsidence extent, maximum heights of caving zone and water conducted zone, surface maximum horizontal displacement, curvature and inclination due to mining. The comprehensive analysis has considered that the main causations of house damage have: ① the house is within the mining coverage of influence; ② heights of caving zone and water conducted zone are already spread to ground surface and causing subsidence and fracturing; and ③ maximum curvature caused by coalmine gob area is much larger than surface building deformation allowance. The method has certain guiding significance in damage causation analysis of civilian house due to coal mining.
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