煤层气(瓦斯)地震勘探技术

摘要

煤层气(瓦斯)地震勘探属于岩性地震勘探的范畴,根据煤层气(瓦斯)地震勘探的目标、任务和特点,提出了利用“两个理论、四项技术”来指导煤层气(瓦斯)地震勘探工作.两个理论是指双相介质理论和各向异性介质理论,四项技术是指地震属性技术、AVO技术、方位各向异性技术和弹性波阻抗反演技术.重点讨论了两项实用技术,即方位各向异性技术和弹性波阻抗反演技术,并以阳煤集团新景煤矿佛洼区及淮南张集煤矿西三采区的三维地震资料为例,介绍了预测裂隙与构造煤的方法.%The seismic prospecting of CBM (gas) is belonged to the lithologic seismic prospecting domain. According to the target, task and characteristics of CBM (gas) seismic prospecting, a principle of "2 theories and 4 technologies" has been put forward to guide the prospecting. Hie 2 theories have dual-phase medium and anisotropic medium theories; 4 technologies have seismic attribute, AVO, azimuthally anisotropic and elastic wave impedance inversion technologies. Then the paper emphatically discussed two operative technologies, namely azimuthally anisotropic technology and elastic wave impedance inversion technology. Taking the 3D seismic prospecting data of the Fowa district, Xinjing coalmine of the Yangquan Coal Industry Croup and W3 winning district of the Zhangji coalmine, Huainan as examples, introduced prediction methods for fissure and tectonically deformed coal.