安徽百善煤矿超薄基岩区地质特征及对煤层安全开采影响

摘要

百善煤矿64采区超薄基岩区域地质储量210万t，基岩厚度均小于20m，对安全回采造成了巨大影响。在分析煤矿主采煤层赋存、顶板岩石力学地质特征及水文地质条件的基础上，重点分析了超薄风化基岩及松散层内含（隔）水层的岩石特征及强风化岩石泥化对工作面开采的影响。以理论计算、现场实测数据和开采实践为依据，重点研究分析了风化基岩和含（隔）水层的物理特征及强风化岩石泥化对“两带”发育高度的影响，并设计了合理的安全保护煤柱。实践表明：超薄基岩区域强风化岩石软弱、泥化、风化对工作面回采“两带”发育高度有降低作用，有利于工作面的安全回采。%The ultra-thin bedrock area in No.64 winning district, Baishan coalmine has geological reserves 2.10 million tons, with bed-rock thickness less than 20m, thus seriously impacts safe winning. Based on main mineable coal seams hosting, coal roof rock mechanic characteristics and hydrogeological condition analyses, focused on ultra-thin weathered bedrock and loose beds aquifer (aquifuge) rock characteristics and water degradation of strongly weathered rock impacts on working face winning. On the basis of theoretic computation, field measured data and mining practices, focused on impacts from physical properties of weathered bedrock and aquifer (aquifuge) and strongly weathered rock water degradation on heights of caving zone, water conducted zone, then designed rational safety pillar. The prac-tices have demonstrated that strongly weathered rock’s weak, water degradation and weathering properties can lower down heights of caving zone and water conducted zone, thus in favor of working face safe winning.