湖南省煤田地质特点与找煤方向

摘要

加里东、海西、印支、燕山、喜马拉雅期构造活动形成了湖南省煤田特有的赋煤地质特征,沉积环境与后期构造变形程度的差异,造就了各煤田、煤系、煤矿区赋煤地质特征的不一,也造成了湖南省煤炭工业价值、勘查阶段与开发强度的因地而异.新的找矿理论的应用,显示了老矿区深边部、红层下、构造下是湖南当今的重点找煤方向；涟邵煤田的测水煤系、郴耒煤田的龙潭南型煤系、涟邵及韶山煤田的龙潭北型煤系是湖南找煤的主要对象；湘中、湘南、湘东是找煤的主要区域;滑脱、推覆构造下的原地系统、向斜构造的平缓翼与转折端等是找煤的优先构造部位.传统遗弃层、岩浆岩下是湖南找煤的又一新思路,但宜探索前进；资源潜力巨大的低热值石煤,可以适度缓解湖南能源紧缺的压力.%The Caledonian, Hercynian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan tectonic activities have formed the Hunan coalfields with endemic coal hosting geological characteristics, sedimentary environments and differences in posterior tectonic deformation; brought up different coal hosting geological features in coalfields, coal measures and coalmine areas; as well as coal commercial value, prospecting and exploration stage, exploitation intensity vary from place to place. The application of new prospecting theories has revealed current key coal prospecting orientation is in old coalmine deep part and periphery, underside of red beds and structures. While the Ceshui coal measures in the Lianshao coalfield, the Longtan south type coal measures in the Chenlei coalfield, the Longtan north type coal measures in the Lianshao and Shaoshan coalfields are the main coal prospecting objects in the province; middle, southern and eastern Hunan are the main regions of coal prospecting; the autochthonous system under decollement and nappe structures, gentler limb and hinge zone of synclines are the preferential structural parts. Coal prospecting in customary abandoned layers and underside of magmatic rocks is an another new idea, but should explore the way forward; resource potential great but low calorific valued stone-like coal can ease the energy shortage in the province reasonably.