针对黔西威宁县上二叠统龙潭组下部及底部凝灰岩层，运用地球化学、矿物学、岩石学、测井地质学的理论和方法，对矿化体地质特征、矿体成因及控因进行了研究。结果显示：含矿层普遍存在于龙潭组底部，全区稳定分布，厚度大多在1m以上，铌元素与自然伽马关系明确，找矿效果明显；铌在各主要矿物中的分配率以黏土矿物中最大，石英次之，而黏土矿物平均含量在67%以上；该区矿化体主要成因为富含铌元素的峨眉山玄武岩遭受风化剥蚀，在一定的酸性介质环境下蚀变成矿化体；分布主要受控于岩相古地理、地层、岩性等地质因素。%In allusion to upper Permian Longtan Formation lower part and bottom tuff layers in the Weining County, western Guizhou, using geochemical, mineralogical, lithological and well logging geological theories and methods carried out studies on mineralization geological features, genesis and controlling factors. The result has shown that the ore-bearing layers are generally existed in bottom part of Longtan Formation, and stably distributed in whole area with thickness over 1m. Niobium anomaly can present obviously on gam⁃ma-ray traces with good prospecting effect. The largest allocation rate of niobium in main minerals is in clay minerals, quartz the sec⁃ond, while average content in clay minerals is above 67%. Main genesis of mineralization in the area is niobium rich Emeishan basalt weathering denudation and altered into mineralization under certain acidic medium environment. The distribution is mainly controlled by geological factors of lithofacies-paleogeography, stratigraphy, and lithology etc.
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