高信噪比、低覆盖次数煤炭地震勘探技术探讨

摘要

在地震地质条件复杂地区,因资料信噪比低,其勘探效果难以满足现代化矿井集约高效、安全高产的要求.大排列、小道距、高覆盖、高信噪比的精细地震勘探虽可提高勘探精度,但成本较高,为此针对煤炭行业的现状及现有经济技术条件提出了高信噪比(不小于2)、低覆盖次数(低于常规覆盖次数的1/3)的地震勘查方法.该方法在比现有市场单价稍高的情况下,也能获得高信噪比的原始资料.地震波激发技术是该方法的重要和关键环节,具体攻关方向为共振技术、载波技术等.该技术的应用效果比常规勘探具有一定的比较优势,除将显著提高煤炭地震勘探的精度外,其在陆上部分油气勘探领域、深部地震反射剖面探测、活断层探测中也会有较好的应用前景.%In seismic-geologic condition complex region,since low data signal-noise ratio,thus the prospecting effect is hard to sat-isfy modern coalmine intensive,high efficiency,safe and high yield requirements.Large spread,small group interval and high signal-noise ratio fine seismic prospecting although can improve prospecting accuracy,but higher cost.Therefore,in allusion to coal indus-try status quo and available economic and technical conditions put forward a high signal-noise ratio (not less than 2),low fold (less than 1/3 of conventional fold ) seismic prospecting method.Under the slightly higher than the current market unit price situation can acquire high signal-noise ratio primary information.Seismic wave excitation technology is the important and key link of the method,key problems tackling orientation has resonance and carrier techniques etc.Application effect of the method has certain comparative ad-vantages than conventional prospecting,besides obviously improved coal seismic prospecting accuracy,in oil and gas prospecting on land,deep part seismic reflection section prospecting and active fault prospecting domains also have better application prospect.