辐射空调房间人体与环境表面角系数的数值模拟求解

摘要

The study of human body's radiation heat loss and thermal comfort need to calculate the angle factor between the human body and the envelope surfaces.Firstly,the paper derived the mathematical equation to revise the result of numerical calculation of angle factor based on the discrete formula of the angle factor and the effective radiation area,and established the standard three-dimensional body model of Chinese human in sitting posture.Then,the paper calculated the angle factor between the human body and roof,wall,floor,respectively,and found that the angle factor between the human body and the front surface is greater than the rear surface.Compared numerical calculation of angle factor with semi-analytical calculation,it is found that there are good agreements between semi-analytical calculation and numerical calculation for the roof and vertical wall,but there is a larger error for the floor,and the paper has modified these errors.%精确求解人体与环境表面间的角系数是研究辐射空调房间内人体辐射散热与热舒适的基本前提.结合角系数与有效辐射面积的离散公式,推导出人体与环境表面辐射角系数的数值模拟结果修正式,得到了中国人三维坐姿人体模型.在分别对坐姿人体与顶板、壁面、地板间的角系数模拟求解后发现,坐姿人体前后具有较大的方向性,人体对前方环境表面的角系数大于人体对后方环境表面的角系数.将角系数的数值模拟解与半解析解进行比较,对于顶板与垂直壁面,半解析解与模拟解较为吻合;对于地板,半解析解与模拟解存在较大的误差,并对半解析解进行了相应的修正.