传统研究认为,轨道交通站点影响下周边土地利用方式将呈现“方式经营化、面积大型化、高强度随距离降低”,但对旧城区未必尽然.本文在比较北京市中心城区1999年、2006年控制性详细规划的基础上,对轨道交通站点周边储备用地进行实地调查分析.结果表明:就北京市中心城储备用地的规划调整而言,除土地利用方式经营化外,并未出现其他情形,以微调为主,但仍可分出开发阻力型、公益建设型、原址改造型、旧城保护型和集中拆建型等类型,各自规划调整特征有别.究其原因:(1)北京旧城区轨道交通晚于城市建设,属补偿性建设；(2)历史风貌用地比例大,保护要求高；(3)土地权属复杂,利益主体需要协调平衡.%Previous study shows that the land use of area around rail transit station tends to be more commercialized, larger in size and attenuated in intensity by distance. However, the rules are not suitable for the old urban district. Based on the comparison of regulatory detailed plan of Beijing inner city between 1999 and 2006, this paper conducts a field study on the reserved land around rail transit station. The result only shows the commercialization of land use. To understand the phenomenon, five types of planning regulation are discussed and three reasons are found: (1) the rail program is initiated later than the urban construction in old city, which is compensatory development; (2) the high ratio of historic sites requires high level of conservation; (3) the complication of land ownership calls for balance among interest groups.
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